Financial Year Ended 31 December 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019
No. of Months 12 12 12 12 12
  Audited Audited Audited Restated Restated
  RM'000 RM'000 RM'000 RM'000 RM'000
           
           
Revenue 56,232 45,324 54,782 53,931 61,006
Cost of sales (42,788) (36,908) (41,797) (41,294) (43,157)
Gross Profit 13,445 8,416 12,985 12,637 17,849
           
Other income 350 741 1,015 1,834 225
Selling and distribution expenses (1,334) (1,320) (1,733) (1,661) (2,094)
Administrative expenses (4,101) (4,390) (4,448) (4,064) (5,229)
Other expenses (296) (106) (261) (142) (119)
Finance income -   - - - 118
Finance costs (604) (473) (278) (340) (308)
Profit Before Taxation 7,460 2,869 7,281 8,263 10,442
Tax expense (1,971) (699) (1,515) (1,762) (2,373)
Profit After Taxation 5,488 2,170 5,766 6,502 8,069
           
Other Comprehensive Income:  
Revaluation of land and buildings 956 362 - 3,025 -
Tax effect on items that will not be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss - - - - -
Realisation of revaluation reserve upon depreciation of revalued assets - - - - 166
Transfer of revaluation reserve to retained earnings - - - - (166)
Other comprehensive income - - - - -
Total Comprehensive Income For The Financial Period / Year 6,444 2,532 5,766 9,527 8,069
           
Profit After Tax Attributable To:          
Owners of the Company 5,488 2,170 5,766 6,502 8,069
Non-controlling interests - - - - -
5,488 2,170 5,766 6,502 8,069
           
Total Comprehensive Income Attributable To:          
Owners of the Company 6,444 2,532 5,766 9,527 8,069
Non-controlling interests - - - - -
6,444 2,532 5,766 9,527 8,069
           
Earnings Per Share (sen)          
Basic 1.32 0.52 1.39 1.56 4.35
Diluted 1.32 0.52 1.39 1.56 0.00

Notes:

* During FYE 2018, the Group undertook a revaluation of its properties to determine its fair value for the Acquisition of Spring Art. Resulting from the revaluation, the Group recorded a revaluation gain of RM7.5 million (for Land 1 and Land 2) and a revaluation loss of RM1.5 million (for Land 3 and Investment Land).

(1) Calculated based on the Profit After Taxation (PAT) divided by the share capital of 318,000,000 Shares before the Group's IPO.

(2) Calculated based on the PAT divided by the enlarged share capital of 415,687,000 Shares after the Group's IPO.

# Please read this section in conjunction with Spring Art Holdings Berhad's Prospectus dated 16 October 2019.