FGV Annual Report 2013

Felda Global Ventures Holdings Berhad 204 NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2013 3 SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONT’D.) The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of financial statements are set out below. These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated. (Cont’d.) (p) Zakat The Group recognises its obligations towards the payment of zakat on business. Zakat for the current period is recognised as and when the Group has a current zakat obligation as a result of a zakat assessment. The amount of zakat expense shall be assessed when a company within the Group has been in operation for at least 12 months, i.e. for the period known as “haul (eligible period)”. Zakat rates enacted or substantively enacted by the statement of financial position date are used to determine the zakat expense. The rate of zakat on business, as determined by National Fatwa Council for 2013 is 2.5% of the zakat base of the applicable entity. The zakat base of the Group is determined based on the profit after tax of eligible companies within the Group after deducting dividend income and certain non-operating income and expenses. Zakat on business is calculated by multiplying the zakat rate with zakat base. The amount of zakat assessed is recognised as an expense in the financial year in which it is incurred. (q) Current and deferred income tax Tax expenses for the year comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognised in profit or loss, except to the extent that it relates to items recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity. In this case, the tax is also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively. Current and deferred tax is measured using the tax rates that have been enacted or substantially enacted at the statement of financial position date in the countries where the Group’s subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates operate generate taxable income. Deferred tax is provided for on temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the financial statements. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences and unused tax losses can be utilised. Deferred tax is not accounted for if it arises from initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction other than a business combination that at the time of the transaction affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss. Deferred income tax is provided on temporary differences arising on investments in subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates, except for deferred income tax liability where the timing of the reversal of the temporary difference is controlled by the Group and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future. Deferred and income tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets against current tax liabilities and when the deferred income tax assets and liabilities relate to taxes levied by the same taxation authority on either the taxable entity or different taxable entities where there is an intention to settle the balances on a net basis. Tax benefits arising from reinvestment allowance and investment tax allowance is recognised when the tax credit is utilised. (r) Foreign currencies Functional and presentation currency Items included in the financial statements of each of the Group’s entities are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates (“the functional currency”). The financial statements are presented in Ringgit Malaysia (RM), which is the Company’s functional and presentation currency, and the Group’s presentation currency. Transactions and balances Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the transactions or valuation where items are remeasured. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation at year-end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in profit or loss, except when deferred in equity as qualifying cash flow hedges and qualifying net investment hedges. Foreign exchange gains and losses that relate to borrowings and cash and cash equivalents are presented in profit or loss. Changes in the fair value of monetary securities denominated in foreign currency classified as available-for-sale are analysed between translation differences resulting from changes in the amortised cost of the security and other changes in the carrying amount of the security. Translation differences related to changes in amortised cost are recognised in profit or loss, and other changes in carrying amount are recognised in equity.